My favourite one of this kind is the Rockchip RK808 RTC, where the engineers thought that November had 31 days, needing a Linux kernel patch to this day that translates between Gregorian and Rockchip calendars (which are gradually diverging over time).
The GenuineIotel thing fascinates me because I can't fully grasp how it could happen. I can imagine a physical defect causing a permanent wrong-bit in a specific piece of silicon, but it seems more widespread than that. Perhaps some kind of bug in the logic synthesis process?
Also one of my favourite kernel patch messages: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/lin...
Microcode errata re-writes to GPR, compiling low level "mul," and "output," CPU RISC V to system archictecture.