Decoding the NEC V20 Microcode

(martypc.blogspot.com)

109 points | by mariuz 3 days ago

6 comments

  • ataylor284_ 1 hour ago
    If anybody's interested in the V20 from a programming perspective, The User's Manual from NEC is here: https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_necV20V30U_11351331/mo....

    The V20 instruction set is interesting and has some very 1980s extensions. In addition to the 8080 emulation mode, it has instructions for binary-coded decimal arithmetic and bit fields.

    However, NEC uses their own naming scheme which makes picking out the differences from the 8088 unnecessarily difficult. The bits are the same but the mnemonics are different. For example, they renamed all the registers (AX -> AW, SI -> IX, etc) and many opcodes (JMP -> BR, REP MOVSB -> REP MOVBK).

  • klelatti 4 hours ago
    Of course the V20’s microcode was the centre of an interesting legal dispute when NEC was sued by Intel.

    https://thechipletter.substack.com/p/intel-vs-nec-the-case-o...

    • rep_lodsb 2 hours ago
      Mentioned in the article, same link too. The court documents included a diagram of the microcode format, and also a comparison of the reset sequence between Intel and NEC.
  • jeanmichelselli 5 hours ago
    This is an amazing project, I'm always impressed by stuff like this. I'd be very curious to know, though, if there's a market for achievements like that.
  • eigenform 3 hours ago
    Lovely work, thanks for sharing!
  • ck2 2 hours ago
    ha I remember that chip so well

    instant speed boost for IBM PC

    just pop out the 8088 and put in a $20 V20

    only problems is some programs ran their clocks too fast

    wow that article is amazing, I cannot believe people can reverse engineer at that level, brilliant

    • tverbeure 1 hour ago
      What I remember of the V20 was that there was some benchmark (Norton?) that was way faster, but I never saw a difference for any real application that I tested.
  • 486sx33 5 hours ago
    [dead]